The kinds of detective stories that we consider to be classic, traditional mysteries are perhaps surprisingly young, with the oldest of them dating back less than two centuries. While literary tastes obviously have evolved a great deal over that time, some of the original stories that helped to define the genre remain thoroughly entertaining to read.
That may explain why I have so enjoyed a new anthology of early detective stories called "The Dead Witness: A Connoisseur's Collection of Victorian Detective Stories
," edited by Michael Sims. It's a big collection - nearly six hundred pages and twenty-two stories. The first one, "The Secret Cell," by William E. Burton, dates back to 1837, four years before Edgar Allan Poe published "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," which is generally regarded as the first modern detective story. Michael Sims, who has written an informative and entertaining introduction to the collection along with individual introductions to each story, points out that, while "The Secret Cell" really contains very little detection, it does have a detective character who follows clues and even dons a disguise in order to pursue a suspect. Sims believes that Poe would certainly have been aware of "The Secret Cell" before writing his own stories.
The collected stories were mostly written and published both in the United States and in England between 1837 and about 1915 - a period of time which covered the Victorian and Edwardian eras (and slightly beyond) in the U. K. There are some landmarks - "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," to be sure, but also the title story of the collection, "The Dead Witness," written in 1866 by an Australian, Mary Fortune. It is said to be the first known detective story written by a woman.
There are stories as well by classic authors such as Mark Twain and Bret Harte. You'll also find the opening chapters of "A Study in Scarlet," in which Dr. John Watson, M. D., meets his future roommate, one Sherlock Holmes. There are detectives whose names you will recognize - Holmes, for example, and Father Brown. There are others whose names may be new to you - Loveday Brooke, Uncle Abner, Violet Strange and Max Carrados. It's a delightful collection of stories - truly, as the subtitle of the book has it, "A Connoisseur's Collection."
Michael Sims is the editor of a number of other anthologies of early detective stories. This one is published by Walker & Company, who provided an advanced reading copy for this review. I recommend it very highly.